КОНТРОЛЬНО-ТРЕНИРОВОЧНЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

1. Заполните пропуски в следующих предложениях сочетанием must have, употребив глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Past Participle. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 
I can't find my pen. I ... (to leave) it at home. 
I can't find my pen. I must have left it at home.- 
Я не могу найти свою ручку. Я, должно быть, оставил ее дома. 

1) She ... (to take) the magazine with her. It is not here.

2) They don't answer their telephone. They ... (to go) away somewhere.

3) She speaks English beautifully. She ... (to study) a long time.

4) One of the servants ... (to take) the money.

5) You ... (to work) fast in order to finish all of those exercises so quickly.

6) Someone ... (to tell) them what we were planning to do.

7) He ... (to come) by taxi.

2. Заполните пропуски в следующих предложениях сочетанием may have, употребив глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Past Participle. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 
Mr. Smith'... (to go) home. 
Mr. Smith may have gone home.- Мистер Смит, возможно, ушел домой.

1) She ... (to take) the book by mistake.

2) They ... (to telephone) while you were out.

3) I ... (to leave) my keys at home.

4) They ... (to be) wealthy at one time, but I doubt it.

5) The storm ... (to delay) the plane.

6) It... (to be) John or it... (to be) Mary who told them about it.

3. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на модальное сказуемое:

1) You must have misunderstood me. I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.

2) She must have failed to understand this rule, that's why the exercises are done in the wrong way.

3) Our telegram must have never reached them. No wonder they have not come to meet us.

4) He must have left the letter unanswered.

5) Something must have happened with the telephone, it is out of order.

6) They might have already returned from the expedition.

7) She ought to have known this rule better.

4. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык с помощью придаточных определительных предложений:

Образец: 
The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. - 
Вопрос, который нужно обсудить на собрании, очень важный.

1) Here is the text to be translated by tomorrow.

2) The problems to be solved were discussed by the delegates.

3) The parts to be used in the apparatus are to be previously tested.

4) We want this method to be applied at our plant.

5) This is the device to be used in our experiment.

6) The sample to be analysed should be chemically pure.

7) Here are some instructions to be followed.

8) These are the letters to be answered.

9) He looked at the shelves of books to be read and understood.

5. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное дополнение.

1) She always thought him to be right. 2) Every mother wants her child to be happy. 3) I could never understand what made her do that. 4) The parents expected the teacher to improve the child's speech. 5) I heard somebody mention his name. 6) We expect this statement to be true. 7) I believed the calculation to be correct.

6. Замените сложное дополнение в следующих предложениях дополнительными придаточными предложениями. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 
I think this book to be very interesting. 
I think that this book is very interesting.- Я думаю, что эта книга очень интересная. 

1) I consider this work to be very important.

2) Everybody knows him to be a good sportsman.

3) We consider the publication of the collection of documents to be very important.

4) We know him to be nominated for the chairman of the committee.

5) I expect them to be discussing this question now.

6) The Soviet government considers peaceful coexistence to be the main principle of Soviet foreign policy.

7) I heard this instrument meet the industrial requirements.

8) We want this method to be applied at our plant.

7. Замените сложноподчиненные предложения простыми, употребив сложное дополнение. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 
I saw that she was making experiments in the laboratory. 
I saw her making experiments in the laboratory.- 
Я видел, как она проводила опыты в лаборатории.

1) I believe that you are making much progress in your English.

2) I think that this question is too difficult for me to answer.

3) I consider that he is very good at mathematics.

4) I saw that she entered the laboratory.

5) They expect that we shall solve all problems.

6) We noticed that she was writing something.

7) Our specialists expect that this new device will show high accuracy.

8. Употребите инфинитив, данный в скобках, в составе сложного дополнения. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

Образец: 
Не tried to make me (to understand) him. 
He tried to make me understand him.- Он пытался заставить меня понять его. 

1) They noticed us (to leave) the room.

2) We heard the engineer (to speak) about this experiment.

3) We want this problem (to be solved) with the help of the new method.

4) We asked the engineer (to show) us radio instruments.

5) They wanted the device (to be examined) carefully by experts.

6) We consider this equation (to have) different solutions.

7) We watched them (to install) the equipment.

9. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сложное подлежащее:

1) Tsiolkovsky is known to have developed the theory of rocket flying.

2) The experiment was supposed to have been completed.

3) Electric current is known to flow in metal parts.

4) The solution of this problem is said not to be easy.

5) Many new houses are planned to be built in our city.

6) This important problem is sure to be settled very soon.

7) He is likely to be given this work.

8) The match proved to be final.

10. Замените сложноподчиненные предложения простыми, употребив сложное подлежащее:

Образец: 
It is considered that the programme of experiments has been approved. 
The programme of experiments is considered to have been approved.

1) It is said that the delegation has arrived.

2) It is believed that the weather will change.

3) It seems that he has many difficulties in his work.

4) It is expected that he is working at this problem.

5) It is said that the solution of this problem is not easy.

6) It is believed that the flight was completed yesterday.

7) It is supposed that he has completed his research.

11. Замените придаточные предложения герундиальным оборотом, употребив предлоги, данные в скобках:

Образец: 
Before we start an experiment, we collect the necessary data, (before) 
Before starting an experiment, we collect the necessary data. 

1) We achieved good results in our work because we used modern equipment, (by)

2) When we were testing the machine, we found that it needed improvements, (on)

3) You will never know mathematics well unless you work hard at it. (without)

4) Before the students graduate from the institute, they write their diplomas, (before)

5) When I complete my work, I shall inform you of the fact, (on)

6) While I was solving these problems, I paid much attention to the correct computations, (while)

12. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму герундия:

1) I remember having obtained these data in our previous experiments. 2) We were surprised at hearing that he had refused to take part in the scientific conference. 3) We remember having been told about the different points of view on this theory. 4) This scientist achieved great results by working hard at the problem. 5) There are two different methods of solving this problem. 6) I remember having seen this device at our plant. 7) Solving difficult problems is his favourite occupation.

13. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот:

1) There being an extensive system of free evening and correspondence education in the Soviet Union, a great number of people are part-time or correspondence students. 2) The translation having been done, we went for a short walk. 3) College courses finished, all the Soviet graduates get work according to their speciality. 4) The new methods having been introduced, the productivity of labour at the plant went up. 5) There is always water vapour in the air, the amount depending upon various conditions. 6) Technical and scientific problems having been solved, the first space flight could be realized. 7) It being very late, we had to return home.

14. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму причастий:

1) The workers having refused to return to work, the manager dismissed them from the plant. 2) Holiday accommodation and facilities being cheap, all the students can spend their vacation in camps and rest homes. 3) The man reading near the window is our teacher of English. 4) Having seen so little of the country, he could not give full answers to all your questions. 5) And saying so he left the room. 6) Having arrived two days before the opening of the conference, they had enough time to do the city. 7) Knowing how fond he is of good music, I brought him a few records.

15. Замените следующие предложения восклицательными, употребляя what, what a, how:

Образцы: 
1) She plays the piano well. 
How well she plays the piano! 
2) It is a beautiful day. 
What a beautiful day! 

1) They have learned English very quickly.

2) She has good taste in everything.

3) We are having beautiful weather now.

4) It must have been a very interesting experience.

5) It was a strange thing for him to say.

6) Leningrad is a beautiful city.

7) She speaks English very well.

16. Закончите следующие предложения, употребляя вспомогательные глаголы:

Образец: 
She didn't like the movie but I ... 
She didn't like the movie but I did. 

1) She does not have classes tomorrow but I ...

2) At first I didn't like the new teacher but now I ...

3) She dances well but her sister ...

4) He is a serious student but his brother ...

5) They won't be able to attend the meeting but George ...

6) She likes to study languages but I ...

Ключ к контрольно-тренировочным упражнениям

1. 1) must have taken; 2) must have gone; 3) must have studied; 4) must have taken; 5) must have worked; 6) must have told; 7) must have come.

2. 1) may have taken; 2) may have telephoned; 3) may have left; 4) may have been; 5) may have delayed; 6) may have been, may have been.

8. 1) leave; 2) speak; 3) to be solved; 4) to show; 5) to be examined; 6) to have; 7) install.

11. 1) By using modern equipment, we achieved good results in our work.

2) On testing the machine, we found that it needed improvements.

3) You will never know mathematics well without working hard at it.

4) Before graduating from the institute, the students write their diplomas.

5) On completing my work, I shall inform you of the fact.

6) While solving these problems, I paid much attention to the correct computations.

15. 1) How quickly they have learned English!

2) What good taste she has in everything!

3) What beautiful weather we are having now!

4) What an interesting experience it must have been!

5) What a strange thing for him to say it!

6) What a beautiful city Leningrad is!

7) How well she speaks English!